What major side effect is associated with clofarabine?

Clofarabine, an antineoplastic agent used primarily in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, is associated with several side effects, one of the significant ones being pericardial effusion. This condition occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the pericardial cavity surrounding the heart, potentially leading to complications such as impaired cardiac function or cardiac tamponade. This complication is particularly important to monitor for in patients treated with clofarabine, especially given the drug's cytotoxic nature and impact on cellular dynamics.

Pericardial effusion forms part of the spectrum of cardiac complications that can arise with various chemotherapy agents, especially those affecting rapidly dividing cells. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of pericardial effusion is crucial during treatment.

While hyperglycemia, photosensitivity, and anaphylaxis can occur with various chemotherapeutic agents, they are not major side effects specifically and prominently associated with clofarabine. Therefore, it is essential for healthcare professionals to be aware of the risk of pericardial effusion in patients receiving this medication, as it requires careful management and monitoring.