What is a common side effect of chemotherapy that must be monitored closely?

Hair loss, also known as alopecia, is a common side effect of chemotherapy that requires close monitoring. Chemotherapy drugs target rapidly dividing cells, which include not only cancer cells but also healthy cells in hair follicles. The degree of hair loss can vary depending on the specific chemotherapy regimen and individual patient factors. Some patients may experience complete hair loss, while others might notice thinning or patchy areas.

Because hair loss can be distressing for many patients, it is important for healthcare providers to prepare them for this potential side effect, providing resources and support for coping strategies. Monitoring for hair loss also allows health care teams to assess the patient's response to treatment and manage related emotional and psychological impacts effectively.

The other options do not represent common chemotherapy side effects. Increased energy levels and improved appetite are typically not expected outcomes during chemotherapy, as many patients experience fatigue and reduced appetite instead. Heightened immunity is also not a typical side effect, as chemotherapy can often lead to immunosuppression, making patients more susceptible to infections.