What does "chemoresistance" mean in oncology?

Chemoresistance refers to the ability of cancer cells to withstand the effects of chemotherapy treatment. This phenomenon can occur when cancer cells adapt to the drugs designed to kill them, leading to treatment failure. Various mechanisms contribute to chemoresistance, including genetic mutations, changes in drug metabolism, and alterations in cell signaling pathways that allow cancer cells to survive despite exposure to chemotherapeutic agents.

Understanding chemoresistance is crucial in oncology as it directly impacts treatment plans and patient outcomes. Efforts to combat chemoresistance often involve developing new therapeutic strategies, combination therapies, or targeted treatments designed to bypass or overcome the resistance mechanisms exhibited by the tumor cells. Recognizing this concept helps healthcare professionals anticipate potential challenges in treatment and adjust their approach accordingly.